Autophagy Research
Autophagy refers to the process by which non-essential or dysfunctional cellular components are degraded by lysosomes into essential nutrients, such as amino acids, lipids, and sugars. Autophagy serves not only as a specialized mechanism for cells to adapt to extreme environments but also as a crucial regulatory mechanism for normal cellular activities. Abnormal autophagy often plays a significant role in cell damage and aging. Currently, autophagy is known to be involved in various vital biological processes including tumor development, aging, inflammation, immune response, cardio-cerebral vascular diseases, oxidative stress, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolism, and development.
product features：
1.High authority
Hanbio dual-labeled fluorogenic LC3 adenovirus was published in the CELL journal.；
2.Complete stock inventory
We have a comprehensive range of autophagy-related gene viruses and tool viruses in stock.；
3.Numerous varieties
We offer a diverse selection of lentivirus, adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, and plasmid
Products of dual-labeled fluorogenic LC3 virus ：
The introduction of autophagy：
Autophagy refers to the process of non-specific degradation of cytoplasmic substrates such as proteins and organelles by hydrolytic enzymes within lysosomes. This process is finely regulated by complex signaling pathways involving PI3K-I/III and mTOR. The overall autophagic process can be divided into three stages: initiation stage of autophagy induction; formation stage of autophagosomes; and maturation stage leading to the formation of autolysosomes. Autophagy is implicated in important biological processes including tumor development, aging regulation, inflammation modulation, immune response, cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases, oxidative stress, neurodegenerative disorders, metabolism and development. In addition to studying autophagy itself as a fundamental process within cells, it is commonly investigated from mechanistic perspectives such as understanding its involvement in tumorigenesis progression, drug resistance, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress and the occurrence and treatment of autism and Alzheimer's disease.
The gold standard methods used for measuring the levels of autophagic activity include：
1、monitoring changes in LC3 cleavage
2、direct observation of autophagic vesicles using electron microscopy
3、detection of autophagic flux using fluorescently-labeled LC3
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